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Index

Chapter I

Science & Technology

121 topics
  1. § Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) p.1

    A critical global health challenge where microbes evolve to resist drugs, making infections untre...

  2. § Application of Emerging Technologies in Public Health p.1

    India is increasingly leveraging emerging technologies like AI, drones, and advanced medtech to t...

  3. § Artificial Intelligence (AI) Governance and Ethics p.2

    AI governance and ethics address the challenges of regulating rapidly evolving AI technologies to...

  4. § Artificial Intelligence (AI) Governance and Regulation p.2

    AI governance involves establishing rules, standards, and best practices for the ethical, transpa...

  5. § Artificial Intelligence (AI) and its Impact on India's IT Services Sector p.1

    AI is a megatrend disrupting India's IT sector by altering business models, impacting job roles (...

  6. § Artificial Intelligence (AI) in India p.2

    India is actively building an indigenous AI ecosystem through the IndiaAI Mission, focusing on sh...

  7. § Artificial Intelligence Governance and Ethics p.3

    AI governance focuses on developing ethical frameworks, regulatory guidelines, and international ...

  8. § Artificial Intelligence in Justice Delivery p.3

    AI in judiciary aims to enhance efficiency and access to justice, but is seen as an aid to human ...

  9. § Artificial Intelligence in Justice Delivery System p.3

    The Supreme Court has adopted a strict, cautionary approach to AI in the justice system, emphasiz...

  10. § Challenges of Artificial Intelligence: Misinformation, Systemic Risk, and Governance p.4

    AI's 'artificial wisdom' generates persuasive synthetic information, risking widespread misinform...

  11. § China's Green Energy Transition and Global Dominance p.4

    China's rapid green energy transition, driven by massive investment, strict enforcement, and tech...

  12. § Coal Gasification and Coal Chemistry p.4

    Coal gasification converts coal into syngas and then DME, a clean LPG substitute. This technology...

  13. § Counter-Terrorism Measures and Technology in Policing p.5

    Counter-terrorism involves proactive strategies, intelligence, and increasingly, advanced technol...

  14. § Cybercrime Management in India p.6

    India's cybercrime management relies on the I4C under MHA, which operates platforms like NCRP for...

  15. § Cybercrime and Digital Extortion p.5

    The incident of e-rickshaw disabling for extortion demonstrates a new form of cybercrime leveragi...

  16. § Cybercrime and Digital Security p.5

    Cybercrime, including digital arrests and AI spoofing, poses a transnational threat to digital id...

  17. § Cybersecurity p.6

    Cybersecurity is the practice of protecting digital systems and data from cyber threats, vital fo...

  18. § Cybersecurity Framework in India p.6

    India's cybersecurity framework integrates NCSC for coordination, CERT-In for incident response, ...

  19. § Cybersecurity Frameworks and Measures for Critical Digital Infrastructure p.7

    Indian Railways implements a comprehensive, multi-layered cybersecurity framework for its e-ticke...

  20. § Cybersecurity in Electric Vehicles and IoT Devices p.7

    The incident of e-rickshaws being remotely disabled via apps underscores critical cybersecurity g...

  21. § Digital Age Verification & Privacy Concerns p.7

    Digital age verification, while crucial for enforcing online restrictions for minors, poses signi...

  22. § Digital Democracy and Political Mobilisation p.8

    Explores how digital platforms and social media facilitate new forms of political engagement, oft...

  23. § Digital Divide and Global Technology Governance p.8

    The digital divide in AI exacerbates the Global North-Global South gap in technology access, bene...

  24. § Digital Education & AI in Learning p.8

    Digital education, particularly with AI integration, utilizes technology to personalize learning,...

  25. § Digital Governance p.9

    Government's use of digital technologies and reforms to enhance public service delivery, exemplif...

  26. § Digital Governance and Cyber Security Framework in India p.9

    India's digital governance is anchored by the IT Act and Rules, focusing on intermediary accounta...

  27. § Digital Governance in Panchayati Raj Institutions p.9

    Digital governance in Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) involves leveraging IT tools like eGramS...

  28. § Digital Governance in Public Services p.10

    The application of digital technologies like QR codes and integrated databases for public service...

  29. § Digital Infrastructure Development p.10

    India's push for digital infrastructure, exemplified by the Vizag AI Hub, signifies a strategic s...

  30. § Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 p.11

    The DPDP Act, 2023, is India's primary law for digital personal data protection, emphasizing cons...

  31. § Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) p.11

    Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) comprises open, interoperable digital systems like India Stac...

  32. § Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) and AI Adoption p.12

    India aims to replicate its successful Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) model (Aadhaar, UPI) f...

  33. § Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) and Cooperative Technology Platforms p.12

    DPI involves open, interoperable digital systems for public service delivery. Cooperative technol...

  34. § Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) and E-governance Initiatives p.12

    DPI and e-governance initiatives like RailOne and RailMadad demonstrate the government's commitme...

  35. § Digital Public Infrastructure for Health (DPI-H) & Interoperability p.13

    A framework of shared digital platforms, services, and standards (like NHCX, UHI, CLCI) designed ...

  36. § Digital Sovereignty p.13

    India's digital sovereignty is challenged by reliance on foreign technology, posing risks to nati...

  37. § Digital Transformation in the Cooperative Sector p.13

    The government is promoting digital transformation in the cooperative sector through AI, digital ...

  38. § Digital Transformation of News Consumption p.14

    The shift from traditional news sources to digital platforms, social media, AI, and content creat...

  39. § Digitalization in Public Recruitment p.10

    Indian Railways' extensive adoption of Computer Based Tests (CBTs) and other digital tools to mod...

  40. § Digitalization of Legislative Processes p.11

    Digitalization of legislative processes, exemplified by NeVA, aims for paperless, transparent, an...

  41. § E-governance in Infrastructure Project Management p.14

    Government is using e-governance tools like Bhoomi Rashi, GIS-based plans, and Parivesh portal to...

  42. § Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) p.14

    Ebola Virus Disease is a highly contagious and often fatal viral illness, transmitted from animal...

  43. § Emerging Information Technologies and Future Skills p.15

    Emerging Information Technologies like AI, ML, and cybersecurity are reshaping the global economy...

  44. § Energy Data Collection and Dissemination p.15

    MoSPI's "Energy Statistics India" provides vital data like TPES and RE potential, essential for p...

  45. § Ethanol Blending Programme (EBP) p.15

    India's Ethanol Blending Programme aims to mix ethanol (derived from diverse agricultural feedsto...

  46. § Ethanol Blending Programme (India) p.16

    India's Ethanol Blending Programme aims to integrate ethanol into petrol to achieve energy securi...

  47. § Ethical and Strategic Implications of Artificial Intelligence in Statecraft p.16

    The integration of Artificial Intelligence into statecraft, particularly in military and security...

  48. § FemTech Industry in India p.16

    FemTech in India is a growing digital health sector providing integrated, multi-specialty care fo...

  49. § Geographical Indications (GI) in India p.17

    GIs are IPRs for products with specific geographical origins, protecting their unique qualities a...

  50. § Global AI Governance p.17

    Global AI governance seeks to establish norms for AI development and deployment. India advocates ...

  51. § Global Health Governance and International Health Regulations (IHR) p.17

    The article highlights WHO's declaration of an "emergency of international concern," a key mechan...

  52. § Green Hydrogen and Green Ammonia p.18

    Green hydrogen, produced via renewable energy, and its derivative green ammonia, are key decarbon...

  53. § Green Lubrication Technologies p.18

    Focuses on eco-friendly lubricants that improve efficiency and reduce environmental harm through ...

  54. § Human Spaceflight Challenges & Research p.18

    The article highlights the scientific focus of long-duration human space missions, exemplified by...

  55. § Hydropower Generation and Energy Security in India p.19

    Hydropower is a key renewable energy source in India, vital for peak load management and grid sta...

  56. § Impact of Digital Platforms on Public Health Interventions p.19

    Digital platforms, particularly dating apps, pose new challenges to public health interventions l...

  57. § Impact of Digital Technology on Human Health p.19

    Digital technology overuse, particularly screen time, negatively impacts brain health by altering...

  58. § India Disaster Resource Network (IDRN) p.20

    The India Disaster Resource Network (IDRN) is a web-based national inventory of equipment, human ...

  59. § India's Advanced Weather Prediction Capabilities p.21

    BharatFS is India's new 6km resolution global weather prediction model, using TCo grid and superc...

  60. § India's Defence Modernisation and Indigenous Tank Development p.21

    India is pursuing indigenous defence modernization, exemplified by the Zorawar light tank for hig...

  61. § India's Digital Transformation and Emerging Technology Ecosystem p.21

    Digital India is a flagship government programme launched in 2015 to digitally empower India thro...

  62. § India's Electronics Manufacturing & Semiconductor Ecosystem Development p.22

    India's electronics and semiconductor manufacturing has seen exponential growth due to government...

  63. § India's Energy Transition Challenges p.22

    India's green energy transition faces significant challenges, primarily the gap between installed...

  64. § India's Energy Transition and Policy Framework p.22

    India's energy transition aims for self-reliance by 2047 and net-zero by 2070, driven by a unifie...

  65. § India's Healthcare Innovation Ecosystem p.23

    India is rapidly building a robust healthcare innovation ecosystem, shifting towards indigenous d...

  66. § India's Innovation Ecosystem p.23

    India's innovation ecosystem is crucial for future growth, requiring policy reforms to attract ca...

  67. § India's Innovation Ecosystem and Global Competitiveness in Technology p.23

    India's journey from technological invention to global industrial leadership faces challenges in ...

  68. § India's Nuclear Energy Policy & International Cooperation p.24

    India's nuclear energy policy, guided by the SHANTI Act, is actively pursuing international coope...

  69. § India's Renewable Energy Potential p.24

    India's estimated renewable energy potential has significantly increased to over 4.7 million MW, ...

  70. § India's Space Security Strategy p.24

    India's space security strategy focuses on building resilience against counter-space threats thro...

  71. § India-EU Strategic Partnership and Trade and Technology Council (TTC) p.20

    The India-EU TTC is a crucial platform for strategic convergence on critical technologies, aiming...

  72. § IndiaAI Mission and National Artificial Intelligence Strategy p.20

    IndiaAI Mission is a multi-pronged strategy to develop and deploy AI, focusing on indigenous mode...

  73. § Information Sharing for National Security p.25

    Information sharing for national security involves the secure exchange of sensitive data among ag...

  74. § Information Technology (Intermediary Guidelines and Digital Media Ethics Code) Rules, 2021 p.25

    The IT Rules, 2021, under the IT Act, mandate due diligence for digital intermediaries, setting s...

  75. § Integration of Advanced Technologies and Specialized Assets in Modern Military Operations p.25

    Modern militaries are combining robotics and specialized K9 units for enhanced operational effect...

  76. § Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) Management in Public Research Institutions p.26

    How government research bodies manage, own, and license their generated Intellectual Property for...

  77. § International Lunar Exploration Programs p.26

    The article highlights the accelerating international race for lunar exploration, primarily betwe...

  78. § Kavach - Automatic Train Protection System p.26

    Kavach is Indian Railways' indigenously developed, SIL-4 certified Automatic Train Protection (AT...

  79. § Lunar Exploration and the Artemis Program p.27

    The Artemis program is NASA's ambitious initiative to return humans to the Moon, including the fi...

  80. § Misinformation and Disinformation in the Digital Age p.27

    The widespread dissemination of false or inaccurate information through digital platforms, leadin...

  81. § Modernization of India's Criminal Justice System p.27

    Comprehensive effort to update criminal laws, integrate digital tools, and train personnel to enh...

  82. § National AI Strategy and Sovereign AI Infrastructure p.28

    India needs a comprehensive National AI Token Policy to boost R&D, make AI accessible, and build ...

  83. § National Missions for Strategic Technologies (Semiconductors, Quantum, Supercomputing, AI) p.28

    India is strategically investing in key emerging technologies through dedicated national missions...

  84. § National Quantum Mission (NQM) p.28

    India's National Quantum Mission, launched in 2023 with Rs 6,000 crore, aims to make India a glob...

  85. § Nuclear Energy Policy and Development in India p.29

    India's Nuclear Energy Mission targets 100 GWe by 2047 for energy security and net-zero, facilita...

  86. § Online Content Regulation & Intermediary Liability p.29

    Government policies, primarily through the IT Act and IT Rules, aim to ensure a safe and accounta...

  87. § Power Sector Reforms and Regulation p.29

    India's power sector reforms focus on balancing competition with regulation, especially for natur...

  88. § Power Transmission & Distribution Infrastructure Modernization p.30

    Modernizing India's power grid with advanced conductors and high-voltage lines is essential for m...

  89. § Precision Medicine & Genomics p.30

    Precision medicine customizes healthcare based on individual genetic, lifestyle, and environmenta...

  90. § Private Sector's Role in Space Exploration p.30

    This concept examines the growing influence and capabilities of private companies in space activi...

  91. § Promoting Innovation, Research & Development (R&D) and Entrepreneurship p.31

    India must aggressively invest in indigenous R&D, design, and a stronger entrepreneurship ecosyst...

  92. § Public Health Challenges in HIV Control p.31

    Challenges in HIV control include a high number of undiagnosed cases, social stigma hindering vol...

  93. § Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) p.31

    A formal declaration by the World Health Organization (WHO) under the International Health Regula...

  94. § Quality of Service (QoS) in Telecommunications p.32

    QoS in telecom measures network performance (coverage, call drops, data speeds) from a user's per...

  95. § Quantum Computing p.32

    Quantum computing uses quantum mechanics principles (superposition, entanglement) with qubits to ...

  96. § Quantum-Safe Cryptography and Digital Security p.32

    Quantum-safe cryptography is essential for future digital security, addressing the threat posed b...

  97. § Radio Astronomy & Telescopes p.33

    Radio astronomy utilizes specialized telescopes to observe the universe at radio wavelengths, off...

  98. § Radio Galaxies p.33

    Radio galaxies are active galaxies driven by central supermassive black holes, characterized by s...

  99. § Railway Electrification in India p.33

    India's near-complete broad gauge railway electrification is a global achievement, boosting effic...

  100. § Railway Safety and Modernization in India p.34

    Indian Railways has achieved a significant reduction in train accidents through a multi-pronged s...

  101. § Regulation of Online Gaming and Digital Platforms p.34

    The article highlights the ineffectiveness of outright bans on online gaming, leading to a shift ...

  102. § Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA) in Defence p.34

    The Indian Army is establishing 'Baaz Battalions' to integrate and specialize its Remotely Pilote...

  103. § Renewable Energy Integration p.35

    India faces the challenge of integrating its rapidly growing and cost-effective renewable energy ...

  104. § Renewable Energy Integration and Grid Modernization in India p.35

    India's rapid renewable energy growth, led by solar and wind, faces challenges of intermittency a...

  105. § Renewable Energy Policy & Promotion in India p.35

    India's renewable energy policy framework is multi-faceted, encompassing infrastructure developme...

  106. § Reproductive Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry p.36

    Explores the use of advanced reproductive technologies like semen freezing to boost livestock gen...

  107. § Role of Technology and Investment in Economic Competitiveness p.36

    China's economic success and trade dominance stem from its high savings and massive investments i...

  108. § Semiconductor Manufacturing in India p.36

    India is rapidly advancing its semiconductor ecosystem through the India Semiconductor Mission, m...

  109. § Sleep and Circadian Rhythms p.37

    Sleep is vital for brain repair, memory, and waste clearance, governed by the circadian rhythm. T...

  110. § Social Media Platform Governance p.37

    Platform governance focuses on regulating social media companies to ensure user safety, transpare...

  111. § Social Media Regulation and Child Safety p.37

    Social media regulation for child safety is a complex issue balancing potential harms (mental hea...

  112. § Sovereign AI p.38

    Sovereign AI is about national control over AI for strategic advantage, driven by global geopolit...

  113. § Spintronics p.38

    An advanced technology that leverages the electron's magnetic spin for information processing, pr...

  114. § Strain Engineering p.38

    A technique in materials science that manipulates atomic lattices through mechanical stress to pr...

  115. § Technology Commercialization and Transfer Mechanisms in India p.39

    Government's structured approach to move R&D from labs to market, involving institutions, policie...

  116. § Technology Diplomacy p.39

    Technology diplomacy is the strategic integration of scientific and technological cooperation int...

  117. § Telecommunications Act, 2023 p.39

    The Telecommunications Act, 2023, modernizes India's telecom laws, replacing colonial-era acts. I...

  118. § Transnational Cybercrime & Money Laundering p.40

    Transnational cybercrime involves sophisticated online fraud operations, often based in regions w...

  119. § Two-Dimensional (2D) Nanomaterials p.40

    Materials with atomic-scale thickness, unique properties, and diverse applications in advanced te...

  120. § Weaponization of Outer Space p.40

    The weaponization of outer space involves the development and deployment of offensive capabilitie...

  121. § Zoonotic Diseases and Emerging Infectious Diseases p.41

    Zoonotic diseases are animal-to-human infections, often emerging due to ecological shifts. Nipah ...